I have always wondered if the Johnsons and some of the Johnston's of Conecuh were related in ways we just haven't identified. Looking at where my family lived in Conecuh I have found the following. Given that each section is defined as a square mile, I am using that as
a basis for my description of locations based on the landmarks found in
plat maps located here. Neighbors are coming from the BLM patent search which gives related documents in the same section, neighbors listed had land at the same time or before the patent issued to my relative.
William Burton Johnson has two land patents for Township 6 range 11e,parts of sections 28 and section 14 in 1843 and posthumously in 1848. His brother Washington Johnson purchased parts of section 20 in the same township and range in 1835. The earliest patent for William B Johnson is in 1826 as an assignee for William D. Stone for part of section 28 in the same township.
From the plat map I found, it looks like section 14 is north of Evergreen and the Olive Branch Church is located in it, and Section 28 is part of Evergreen. William Burton Johnson's neighbors were Mitchell Burford, William D. Stone and John Salter in section 28 and in Section 14 his neighbors were Ezekiel Attaway, Green Brantley, Lewis Franklin, Michael Harris, Elisha Joiner and James Salter. His brother Washington's land would have been just northeast of the current town of Evergreen and the section is divided diagonally by Cane Creek. His only neighbor in 1835 was James Tomlinson.
The brother in law of William and Washington Johnson, Wesley Young had land in township 6N range 10e part of section 25 and also in township 5N range 10e section 35. Section 25 of township 6N range 10e has Murder Creek running through it and the western border of the section is about 3/4 a mile east from New Centennial No 1 Church and Riley Cemetery. Wesley Young's neighbors for this section was Isaac Brown. His land in Township 5N range 10e section 35 would have been about 3/4 mile south to the northern boundary line of the section from Hamlin Ridge Church. His neighbors were Curry Claiborne, John McIntyre, Samuel Oliver, William Lyman and Mabry thomas.
In 1860 Elizabeth Parker Johnson obtains land in Township 7N range 10e part of section 24 while William Washington Johnson obtains land in 1848 in township 6N range 11e part of section 23 and in 1860 in township 7N range 10e parts of section 35 and section 26. His brother George N. Johnson bought land in part of section 20 of township 7N range 10E in 1860 as well. Samuel C. Johnson purchased land in township 6N range 11e part of section 11.
It looks like William W. Johnson's closest neighbors in section 26 were his cousin Smith Johnson, Edmond Joiner and Benjamin Amerson all buying the land also in 1860 and an Amos Archer who patented land in the section in 1835. This section is about 1 mile south and east of Centenary Church and a road labeled 22 runs through it. Additions neighbors in Section 35 were George Stokes, Josiah Kolb, James Witherington and James Stallworth. Section 35 is just below section 26 contains a town Bookers Mill and is just over 1 mile slightly northwest of Witherington Cemetery (the southern boundary line for the section). His earlier land, located in section 23 of township 6n and Range 11e in 1848 would have been about 3/4 mile to the northern boundary of the section line from Olive Branch Church. His neighbors in Section 23 were Archy Gary, Joshua Evers, and William Rabb.
Elizabeth Parkers land in 1860 would be in the section above the section just east of William W. Johnson's. Her closest neighbor who had land in that section was Harris Brantley. George N. Johnson's land was located less than a mile from Fairnelson and within 3 miles of the land of his brother William W. Johnson and his mother Elizabeth Johnson. His neighbors were Louisa Auld, Douglas and Susan Harris, and Henry Waldron. George N. Johnson died during the Civil War and his children were raised in Georgia.
Samuel C. Johnson's land was located about a half a mile north on the southern boundary for the section of Millageville Church. His only neighbor was Thomas Mosely who purchased land in that section on the same date in 1858. We know that Samuel C. Johnson was a minister who preached in Santa Rosa county, Florida before moving to Texas later in life.
Tuesday, November 10, 2015
Just who are you Talulah?
When I started out and genealogy, my Aunt Leahmanda gave me a disc with all the family in a gedcom from the work that she and my Aunt Patt had gathered the hard way. Digging in libraries, visiting cemeteries and folks. When I asked about their great grandmother, Talulah, my Aunt's told me that Mama Hardy had said she was a Johnson Diamond bastard baby. It took me a long time to find Talulah. Back then the censuses were online but they weren't all indexed. It meant looking through them page by page on a slow dial up modem.
I found Talulah in 1880 in the household of James H. Diamond in Santa Rosa County, listed as Talulah Johnson and a cousin. Then thanks to the folks on the Santa Rosa genweb site, I found Talulah married to William Sheppard Hardy Jr in Santa Rosa county. I then found Talulah listed with her family in 1870 in Conecuh County, Alabama. I have a lot of questions still about Talulah though.
In 1870 Talulah is listed with her grandmother, Elizabeth Parker Johnson, William Washington (Wm W.) Johnson, age 40, a Nancy Johnson age 30, and Elizabeth Johnson age 11. I have William W. as her father, but he could be her Uncle. In 1860 William W. Johnson is again listed with his mother, Elizabeth, and an Elizabeth Johnson age 24, and an Elizabeth Johnson age 3. When he enlisted in the Civil War he states he is single, which begs the question, are Elizabeth and Nancy Johnson the same person or different women, and are they his sister or are they the mother of the girls, and if they are, then who are they.
The 1850 census makes it even more difficult. In the home is Elizabeth Johnson, W.W. Johnson and a Nancy Johnson age 27 with a James Johnson, age 5, Lewis Johnson age 2, and Sarah Johnson age 7. This Nancy and these children appear to be the same person as Nancy Coker who is listed with mulatto children in Conecuh county in later censuses. Why they are with the family, and how that relationship exists is a good question.
When we look at the Johnson family, we know that William W. Johnson, his brothers Samuel Christopher Johnson, George Nolan Johnson and Peter Lazarus Johnson and his sister Mary Johnson are the children of William Burton Johnson Junior and Elizabeth Parker. We know Mary Johnson married John Diamond and lived in Santa Rosa county, Florida, that she is buried in Coon Hill Cemetery as is her mother. That John Diamond's next wife is a Matilda Johnson who every Diamond researcher says was her sister. Except there is never a Matilda Johnson with the family, and until her marriage, Matilda Johnson isn't found in a census. John Diamond married Matilda Johnson in Conecuh County in 1873.In 1880, she is listed as age 45 making her born in 1835.
Conecuh County Alabama is a burned county. Sherry Johnston the historian in Evergreen told me it's been burned three times, which means that finding early records isn't possible. If Talulah is indeed a "Johnson Diamond bastard baby" then is it because her father William never married her mother or because her mother was a sister of William and never married? And is her other parent a Diamond or did that come from the Diamond cousins that Talulah had?
When we look at the earlier censuses for William Burton Johnson and Elizabeth Parker we know that in the 1820 state census William B. Johnson is found with 1 male over 21, 1 female over 21, 1 male under 21, no females under 21, 3 free people of color and 1 slave. That in 1830 we find his household to contain a male 50-59, 2 males 5-9, one male under 5, 1 female 5-9, 1 female 10-14, 1 female 30-39, a free man of color 10-23, and two free males of color 24-35, a free female under 10, two free females 10-23, a free female 36-54 and one 55-99 with 1 slave 10-23. In 1840 his household contains 1 male 5-9, 2 males 10-14, 1 male 15-19, 1 male 50-59, 1 female 5-9, 1 female 15-19, 1 female 40-49, no free people of color and 6 male slaves.
So is the Nancy in 1850 one of the free women of color, a mulatto, who was associated with the family in earlier years? Is William W. Johnson the father of some of her mulatto children? Born in 1823, she may be the free female under 10 who is living with the Johnson's in 1830. And why did the family have free people of color with them for over 10 years? I ask because it seems a bit unusual. Were the free people of color freed upon the death of William Burton Johnson's father? Where they freed by Elizabeth Parker's father? Were they relatives? Do they have anything to do with Talulah herself? Neither of William Burton Johnson's siblings have free persons of color living with them, though they are slave owners.
Who is Talulah? I still have William Washington Johnson listed as her father. I know that her grandparents were William Burton Johnson and Elizabeth Parker. That in Dad's DNA matches the answer lies, I just have to keep digging and see if I can find the answers. William W. Johnson died in 1900 in Conecuh. He had married, according to his pension, though I have never found a marriage. I can't find an estate, and can't find her death either. I looked in the bastard bond book on ancestry for Talulah, and didn't find her there. Still so many questions, and after 15 years, I am no closer to an answer.
I found Talulah in 1880 in the household of James H. Diamond in Santa Rosa County, listed as Talulah Johnson and a cousin. Then thanks to the folks on the Santa Rosa genweb site, I found Talulah married to William Sheppard Hardy Jr in Santa Rosa county. I then found Talulah listed with her family in 1870 in Conecuh County, Alabama. I have a lot of questions still about Talulah though.
In 1870 Talulah is listed with her grandmother, Elizabeth Parker Johnson, William Washington (Wm W.) Johnson, age 40, a Nancy Johnson age 30, and Elizabeth Johnson age 11. I have William W. as her father, but he could be her Uncle. In 1860 William W. Johnson is again listed with his mother, Elizabeth, and an Elizabeth Johnson age 24, and an Elizabeth Johnson age 3. When he enlisted in the Civil War he states he is single, which begs the question, are Elizabeth and Nancy Johnson the same person or different women, and are they his sister or are they the mother of the girls, and if they are, then who are they.
The 1850 census makes it even more difficult. In the home is Elizabeth Johnson, W.W. Johnson and a Nancy Johnson age 27 with a James Johnson, age 5, Lewis Johnson age 2, and Sarah Johnson age 7. This Nancy and these children appear to be the same person as Nancy Coker who is listed with mulatto children in Conecuh county in later censuses. Why they are with the family, and how that relationship exists is a good question.
When we look at the Johnson family, we know that William W. Johnson, his brothers Samuel Christopher Johnson, George Nolan Johnson and Peter Lazarus Johnson and his sister Mary Johnson are the children of William Burton Johnson Junior and Elizabeth Parker. We know Mary Johnson married John Diamond and lived in Santa Rosa county, Florida, that she is buried in Coon Hill Cemetery as is her mother. That John Diamond's next wife is a Matilda Johnson who every Diamond researcher says was her sister. Except there is never a Matilda Johnson with the family, and until her marriage, Matilda Johnson isn't found in a census. John Diamond married Matilda Johnson in Conecuh County in 1873.In 1880, she is listed as age 45 making her born in 1835.
Conecuh County Alabama is a burned county. Sherry Johnston the historian in Evergreen told me it's been burned three times, which means that finding early records isn't possible. If Talulah is indeed a "Johnson Diamond bastard baby" then is it because her father William never married her mother or because her mother was a sister of William and never married? And is her other parent a Diamond or did that come from the Diamond cousins that Talulah had?
When we look at the earlier censuses for William Burton Johnson and Elizabeth Parker we know that in the 1820 state census William B. Johnson is found with 1 male over 21, 1 female over 21, 1 male under 21, no females under 21, 3 free people of color and 1 slave. That in 1830 we find his household to contain a male 50-59, 2 males 5-9, one male under 5, 1 female 5-9, 1 female 10-14, 1 female 30-39, a free man of color 10-23, and two free males of color 24-35, a free female under 10, two free females 10-23, a free female 36-54 and one 55-99 with 1 slave 10-23. In 1840 his household contains 1 male 5-9, 2 males 10-14, 1 male 15-19, 1 male 50-59, 1 female 5-9, 1 female 15-19, 1 female 40-49, no free people of color and 6 male slaves.
So is the Nancy in 1850 one of the free women of color, a mulatto, who was associated with the family in earlier years? Is William W. Johnson the father of some of her mulatto children? Born in 1823, she may be the free female under 10 who is living with the Johnson's in 1830. And why did the family have free people of color with them for over 10 years? I ask because it seems a bit unusual. Were the free people of color freed upon the death of William Burton Johnson's father? Where they freed by Elizabeth Parker's father? Were they relatives? Do they have anything to do with Talulah herself? Neither of William Burton Johnson's siblings have free persons of color living with them, though they are slave owners.
Who is Talulah? I still have William Washington Johnson listed as her father. I know that her grandparents were William Burton Johnson and Elizabeth Parker. That in Dad's DNA matches the answer lies, I just have to keep digging and see if I can find the answers. William W. Johnson died in 1900 in Conecuh. He had married, according to his pension, though I have never found a marriage. I can't find an estate, and can't find her death either. I looked in the bastard bond book on ancestry for Talulah, and didn't find her there. Still so many questions, and after 15 years, I am no closer to an answer.
Thursday, November 5, 2015
Recombination- Observations, questions and answers
I love using DNA to help with my genealogy. It isn't a replacement for genealogical research, it is a tool, but it is a fascinating tool at that. Thus far I have tested my parents, my first cousin, my mom's half first cousin, my grandfather's first cousin, my dad's second cousin once removed, his half first cousin once removed and a third cousin. What I am finding as far as how much DNA we all share is fascinating.
As I identify more segments to family lines, the pattern of inheritance appears so random. It certainly appears that some siblings are more genetically related than others. What we inherit from our parents is sometime a small amount of DNA from one ancestor, or the entire DNA on some segments.It is a lottery.
We have 4 grandparents, 8 great grandparents, 16 great great grandparents, 32 great great great grandparents, 64 great great great great grandparents, 128 5th great grandparents and so on. While knowing your tree out to those 5th and 6th great grandparents definitely seems imperative in identifying DNA, so does having a full tree, in other words, you need to identify each generations siblings and do their DNA. Even then, a lot of the time, if you have a match that has a tree, you will look at it and be like, I don't see a connection.
Why? Well, human error I think it partly responsible for sure. I had to change names to the "wrong" names in my tree so that PAL would show up in her circle at ancestry DNA. Not every tree out there is right. From non parental events, to just plain bad research (or those lovely hints on ancestry. Why would you attach a record to a tree that is obviously wrong.)
So back to my trends. Let's look at the total cM's and how widely they vary among my testers. Using myself, each parent and a few of their largest matches (only one uses data from 23andme). Relationships in the table are the relationship to my parent.
As I identify more segments to family lines, the pattern of inheritance appears so random. It certainly appears that some siblings are more genetically related than others. What we inherit from our parents is sometime a small amount of DNA from one ancestor, or the entire DNA on some segments.It is a lottery.
We have 4 grandparents, 8 great grandparents, 16 great great grandparents, 32 great great great grandparents, 64 great great great great grandparents, 128 5th great grandparents and so on. While knowing your tree out to those 5th and 6th great grandparents definitely seems imperative in identifying DNA, so does having a full tree, in other words, you need to identify each generations siblings and do their DNA. Even then, a lot of the time, if you have a match that has a tree, you will look at it and be like, I don't see a connection.
Why? Well, human error I think it partly responsible for sure. I had to change names to the "wrong" names in my tree so that PAL would show up in her circle at ancestry DNA. Not every tree out there is right. From non parental events, to just plain bad research (or those lovely hints on ancestry. Why would you attach a record to a tree that is obviously wrong.)
So back to my trends. Let's look at the total cM's and how widely they vary among my testers. Using myself, each parent and a few of their largest matches (only one uses data from 23andme). Relationships in the table are the relationship to my parent.
Mom
|
Me
|
Her nephew
|
Her ½ cousin
|
1st cousin 1R
|
2nd cousin 1 R
|
|
Mom
|
NA
|
3549 cM
|
1929.5 cM
|
590.6 cM
|
580.4 cM
|
152 cM
|
Me
|
3549 cM
|
NA
|
1039.7 cM
|
214.1 cM
|
233.5 cM
|
126 cM
|
Her nephew
|
1929.5 cM
|
1039.7 cM
|
NA
|
230.3 cM
|
415.4 cM
|
81 cM
|
Her ½ cousin
|
590.6 cM
|
214.1 cM
|
230.3cM
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
1st 1R
|
580.4 cM
|
233.5 cM
|
415.4 cM
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
2nd 1 R
|
152cM
|
126 cM
|
81 cM
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
From this table you can see that though my cousin and I are
the same generation, we inherited differently. I share more with Mom’s 2nd
cousin once removed from the maternal line (our 3rd cousin) and he
shares almost as much as mom with her 1st cousin once removed (our 1st
cousin twice removed).
Similarly, her half first cousin shares 83 cM with a 2nd
cousin once removed and mom shares only 19 cM with the same person, though they
are identically related, and her nephew shares 16 cM with the same person in a
segment not shared with either. (Data not in table).
Dad
|
ME
|
½ 1st 1 r
|
2nd 1R
|
Dbl 2nd 1R
|
4th cousin
|
|
Dad
|
NA
|
3552 cM
|
209.6 cM
|
106.8 cM
|
370 cM
|
81 cM
|
Me
|
3552 cM
|
NA
|
61 cM
|
63.2 cM
|
220.3 cM
|
0
|
½ 1st 1 R
|
209.6 cM
|
61 cM
|
NA
|
47.7 cM
|
NA
|
NA
|
2nd 1 R
|
106.8 cM
|
63.2 cM
|
47.7 cM
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
Dbl 2nd 1R
|
370 cM
|
220.3 cM
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
4th cousin
|
81 cM
|
0
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
NA
|
Dad and his ½ 1st cousin once removed are the
same relationship to his 2nd cousin once removed, yet he shares
twice the DNA. He shares a large amount with his 4th cousin, yet I
share none with the same person, and I only have about ¼ the DNA in common with
his ½ 1st cousin once removed but ½ with his second cousin once
removed and about 2/3 of the DNA with the double 2nd cousin once
removed.
What does this mean, it’s possible that we inherit less of
one ancestor’s DNA than others. Until we can map an entire genome for one
person we can’t be certain, but it certainly looks like DNA isn’t share and
share alike. What we get is a mix match of DNA that often includes greater
portion from one ancestor than another.
Friday, October 30, 2015
Acceptance- when facts contradict Oral history
Grandpa always said he was part Cherokee. His grandma, a Choctaw said he was part Cherokee, so I was always willing to accept that. However, the facts don't seem to add up. I am blogging about this because I run across a lot of people who insist they must be Indian, because their ancestor had an oral history, or even because they applied. So I am going to show you a statement from my family where they did apply and tell you, it is not true. Just because I have this document doesn't change the facts. The information within the document is not the truth. Sometimes we have to take what we find with a grain of salt.
Here is a document I found for Edley Roger's son who applied as a Cherokee Citizen on the Dawes, and then on the Eastern Cherokee.
Sounds great, but Joseph Roger's the father of Edley never lived in Georgia. Edley lived in Georgia, his sister lived in Georgia, but Joseph Roger's did not. Joseph Roger's lived in what is now Lee County, Virginia and was probably born in Montgomery County, Virginia. Around 1805 he moved to Roane County, in the portion that would be Bledsoe County, and eventually Hamilton County. He got a land grant there with his brother in the Sequahatchie Valley. The land grant was recorded after his death.
DNA of Joseph Roger's descendants show that Joseph is a son of Doswell Rogers by YDNA from Edley Roger's line and by autosomal DNA which links Joseph's descendants to more than one of the descendants of Doswell's other children and also to Thomas Rogers, the brother of Doswell. DNA is also showing a lot of DNA in common with the descendants of Elisha Wallen and Mary Blevins, indicating that most likely the wife of Doswell Rogers was a relative of Elisha Wallen and Mary Blevins (I believe probably a daughter.)
DNA is also showing a lot of DNA in common between Joseph Roger's descendants and the descendants of the Anderson family. This DNA is most likely coming from Susannah, the wife of Joseph, who most likely is the sister of Thomas Shye and the daughter of a female relative of John Anderson who resided in Montgomery County, VA. Neither of these lines are Cherokee. Though some of the relatives we match claim to be Cherokee, they do so from the Sizemore line, and not from their Jones lineage in common with Susannah.
Since Edley Rogers parents both are showing DNA matches, we have to take what we have found, along with what we know, where they lived and the other documentation we have gathered and form an opinion. Mahala Roger's has an affidavit in this pack too. It says that her son got his Cherokee from her husband and not her. So that rules out that line completely. The papers say that Edley was 1/8 native American and that Joseph was 1/4. Yet, I haven't run across anything that suggests that either Elisha Wallen, Mary Blevins, Addenstone Rogers, or Catherine Doswell were native American. So if none of Joseph's grandparents are native American, how can he be 1/4? The answer is, he can't.
I have something similar on my Hager line. A grandson of Polly Whitley and Steely Hager claims to be native American, through Polly herself, yet we have found her family, and they were from North Carolina. Could there be Cherokee further back, yes, but the Hager who claimed they were Choctaw, claimed that Polly was a full blood, and she wasn't. So once again, just because someone filed a claim, doesn't make it true. In fact, all of his testimony in regards to Polly is false. I know that because irony of all ironies, he claims that her father was John Jones Sr, the white man who married Caty the widow of William Riddle.
I wanted to share this because I get bombarded with people who insist that something is true because of a Dawes file. It isn't always. If I can accept that in regards to my own family, then so can you.
Here is a document I found for Edley Roger's son who applied as a Cherokee Citizen on the Dawes, and then on the Eastern Cherokee.
Sounds great, but Joseph Roger's the father of Edley never lived in Georgia. Edley lived in Georgia, his sister lived in Georgia, but Joseph Roger's did not. Joseph Roger's lived in what is now Lee County, Virginia and was probably born in Montgomery County, Virginia. Around 1805 he moved to Roane County, in the portion that would be Bledsoe County, and eventually Hamilton County. He got a land grant there with his brother in the Sequahatchie Valley. The land grant was recorded after his death.
DNA of Joseph Roger's descendants show that Joseph is a son of Doswell Rogers by YDNA from Edley Roger's line and by autosomal DNA which links Joseph's descendants to more than one of the descendants of Doswell's other children and also to Thomas Rogers, the brother of Doswell. DNA is also showing a lot of DNA in common with the descendants of Elisha Wallen and Mary Blevins, indicating that most likely the wife of Doswell Rogers was a relative of Elisha Wallen and Mary Blevins (I believe probably a daughter.)
DNA is also showing a lot of DNA in common between Joseph Roger's descendants and the descendants of the Anderson family. This DNA is most likely coming from Susannah, the wife of Joseph, who most likely is the sister of Thomas Shye and the daughter of a female relative of John Anderson who resided in Montgomery County, VA. Neither of these lines are Cherokee. Though some of the relatives we match claim to be Cherokee, they do so from the Sizemore line, and not from their Jones lineage in common with Susannah.
Since Edley Rogers parents both are showing DNA matches, we have to take what we have found, along with what we know, where they lived and the other documentation we have gathered and form an opinion. Mahala Roger's has an affidavit in this pack too. It says that her son got his Cherokee from her husband and not her. So that rules out that line completely. The papers say that Edley was 1/8 native American and that Joseph was 1/4. Yet, I haven't run across anything that suggests that either Elisha Wallen, Mary Blevins, Addenstone Rogers, or Catherine Doswell were native American. So if none of Joseph's grandparents are native American, how can he be 1/4? The answer is, he can't.
I have something similar on my Hager line. A grandson of Polly Whitley and Steely Hager claims to be native American, through Polly herself, yet we have found her family, and they were from North Carolina. Could there be Cherokee further back, yes, but the Hager who claimed they were Choctaw, claimed that Polly was a full blood, and she wasn't. So once again, just because someone filed a claim, doesn't make it true. In fact, all of his testimony in regards to Polly is false. I know that because irony of all ironies, he claims that her father was John Jones Sr, the white man who married Caty the widow of William Riddle.
I wanted to share this because I get bombarded with people who insist that something is true because of a Dawes file. It isn't always. If I can accept that in regards to my own family, then so can you.
Thursday, October 29, 2015
Some of my favorite genealogy sites
Usually when I research, I have a bunch of windows open. Aside from my tree at ancestry and it's search functions, I normally am also using familysearch.org. Whether its using their search functions, or browsing their records for probate (recently added to Ancestry also) information. Then of course there is fold3 which I use for Dawes files and for military records. I know many are on Ancestry, but I like the browse feature to narrow my search better there.
Okay, then there of course is google. I google a lot. I especially like using the book tab under googles. Sometimes it is only an excerpt, but you can find some real gems on google. Old books on genealogy, well don't forget to visit www.archive.org. There is some great stuff on there as well.
For newspapers, well, I have to admit, I have subscriptions to genealogybank, newspapers.com, and newspaperarchives.com. But there are some great free sites too. Some papers are available for each state at the Chronicling America, but there are a few lesser known sites.
Oklahoma newspapers
Upper New York newspapers are here and this great site by a private individual Fulton Postcards.
California Newspapers
Florida Newspapers
State Archives with digital content (awesome content) that I visit often.
Georgia Archives (newspapers require Firefox, won't work now with google or windows Edge)
South Carolina Archives
Florida Memory Projects
Virginia Chancery Cases
Maryland Archives
For early tax lists of Virginia, this is a great site.
US genweb I use too, but some sites are better than others. Don't miss the Santa Rosa or Escambia sites, they both have some great information.
Accessgenealogy has some great stuff too. Don't miss the McMinn County, Tennessee transcriptions there.
Most people don't realize the 1885 annuity roll (mislabeled as a census) is on fold3 and on Ancestry under the U.S. Indian Rolls. The counties aren't labeled, but the file you want is the Union file, that is the 1885 Choctaw census. Some of the early censuses for the counties are on Ancestry, as well as probate records and court records for a few of the counties, but they aren't searchable. You have to browse each roll. The Collection for those records is found here. You have to use the browse function to find the Choctaw rolls. Roll 1 is Mississippi Choctaw related. Roll 4 is Choctaw citizenship related. Rolls 2 and 3 have census data. The Carton's (ctn) files are the court records.
Most people also don't realize there are some Alabama Territorial records in the Mississippi records on familysearch. You have to look at the counties and browse, but early tax lists can be found there. The collection you want is here.
Okay, then there of course is google. I google a lot. I especially like using the book tab under googles. Sometimes it is only an excerpt, but you can find some real gems on google. Old books on genealogy, well don't forget to visit www.archive.org. There is some great stuff on there as well.
For newspapers, well, I have to admit, I have subscriptions to genealogybank, newspapers.com, and newspaperarchives.com. But there are some great free sites too. Some papers are available for each state at the Chronicling America, but there are a few lesser known sites.
Oklahoma newspapers
Upper New York newspapers are here and this great site by a private individual Fulton Postcards.
California Newspapers
Florida Newspapers
State Archives with digital content (awesome content) that I visit often.
Georgia Archives (newspapers require Firefox, won't work now with google or windows Edge)
South Carolina Archives
Florida Memory Projects
Virginia Chancery Cases
Maryland Archives
For early tax lists of Virginia, this is a great site.
US genweb I use too, but some sites are better than others. Don't miss the Santa Rosa or Escambia sites, they both have some great information.
Accessgenealogy has some great stuff too. Don't miss the McMinn County, Tennessee transcriptions there.
Most people don't realize the 1885 annuity roll (mislabeled as a census) is on fold3 and on Ancestry under the U.S. Indian Rolls. The counties aren't labeled, but the file you want is the Union file, that is the 1885 Choctaw census. Some of the early censuses for the counties are on Ancestry, as well as probate records and court records for a few of the counties, but they aren't searchable. You have to browse each roll. The Collection for those records is found here. You have to use the browse function to find the Choctaw rolls. Roll 1 is Mississippi Choctaw related. Roll 4 is Choctaw citizenship related. Rolls 2 and 3 have census data. The Carton's (ctn) files are the court records.
Most people also don't realize there are some Alabama Territorial records in the Mississippi records on familysearch. You have to look at the counties and browse, but early tax lists can be found there. The collection you want is here.
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