This and That
Pushmataha A Choctaw Leader and His
people, Gideon Linceucum with an introduction by Greg O’Brien, The
University of Alabama Press, 2004. p. 96
General Hlikooohlo (Hummingbird)
Captain Nashobanowa (walking wolf)
Peachlichiskitinia (Little Leader)
(Should be Hopaii Iskitinis)
Mushulatubbe’s mouthpiece Eyahoatubi
p. 100 says Pushmataha born 2 miles
above Macon on Noxunnubbee on East Bank (personally think this is
rubbish)
American State Papers, Indian
Affairs Volume one..
Treaty of 1801
Oak Chume “Uncle great chief recently
died” , (Franchimastubbee had died, so had Taboca?)…Of Western
Division (upper towns)
Tuskona Hopaii (lower towns)
Toote Homa (lower towns)
Mingo Poos Coos of Chickasaw half town
(also Kunsha)
Puck Shum Ubbee of Upper towns (Apuck
shun Nubbee)
Elautauholoo homma No district
Buckshunubbee “old factor” next
day, IS THIS APUCK???
Mingo Homo Mastubby
Hoche Homo (Haschi Homa?)… was at
Hopewell
Shappa Homa ? was at 1792/3
Edmond Folsom
Robert McClure
1792 American Treaty
Great medal chiefs
Ileopoenautlau (Shot in the mouth)
Itlehomomastubbe (Red wood)
Pia Mastubbbee
Small Medal Chiefs
Piahoomah
Hooletenah
Tunnatheomah
Chillashoemastubbee (Red Shoes)
Capts
Nootoolemastabbe
Taskaastubbee (Taschimastubbee)
Oaklateloemastimastubbee (Oklataloma
Imastubbee?)
Ohephamby
Emaalubby
Tootehoomah
Ocakoah
Fannemecastabbee
Shepahoomak
Kooshehoomaleader,
George James, son of Ben
Oshapoiah
Uskenasopoaih
Olaquetalay
Uskonopoaih, the old chief
The Choctaw before Removal, (Essays)
Edited by Carolyn Fuller Reeves, University Press of Mississippi,
1985
Patricia Galloway, the civil war
1746-1750 chapter 6
Some Notes
Destroyed villages 1751, Kunsha
Chitto, Nushkobo ? and West Abeka
French.,.. “local staf”
Mingo
Tisho Mingo…master of ceremonies
Taskanongouchi, speaker
Soulouche oumastabe (red shoe killer)
sometimes seen as Mingo Ouma
Hopaii Mingo, and variations, Prophet
chief, (pahemingo, Paemingo, opayemingo)
Fani Mingo, seen so frequently must be
titile
Red and white leaders likely moieties
Western with alliances externally with
the Chakchiuma and Chickasaw, Eastern with the Alabama, and the Six
towns, including Chickasawhay and Yowani, possibly with the small
coastal tribes and Choctaw related tribes of the Mobile River.
No evidence moieties weren’t equally
distributed, but in at least the war, the leading men of the eastern
and western divisions were members of opposite moeties. (Supposed to
be scattered throughout, no explanation on why this is).
By 1732 there are five great medal
chiefs, and later refer to 6. At start of civil war, the medals were
held by an Eastern Chief, Western Chief, Kunsha Chief, Chickasawhay
Chief with authority over 6 towns, a Supreme Chief( created and
ineffectual) and War chief (actual position within the tribe). Blood
revenge had always been external, never internal until this war.
French pressed Choctaw into war 1729
when Natchez killed entire fort, then again in 1736 and in 1739-1740…
French had missionary post near the
southern border in 1728 and Fort Tombecbe as a supply base in 1736.
French saw Choctaws ties with Britain
as a threat, but they never had a good “supply” of goods, the
British, too far to do sole trade saw this as a way to annoy the
French.
Chickasaws were involved as well..
Red Shoes…note “the red shoes’
was living in Kunsha chitto…presumably served as speaker for the
supreme chief. 1731 became known, he was solidly aligned with the
English. Faction consisted of members of his family or race,
(?moety)), which included the red shoes of Cushtusha Village. He was
in western division, he would attack the Chickasaw to get French
presents, then treat with them to get English presents.
Alibamon Mingo, of Kunsha was allied
with the French mainly after 1736., He was Inhunlataha whereas Red
Shoes was Imoklasha…
Another chief, died in 1746 was
Chooucoulacta , War chief of Choctaw Nation in 1739, o f Inhunlatah
moiety , had more weight than either of the other two, controlled 10
villages near Fort Tombecbe, and was closely allied until his death
with Alibamon Mingo.
An Ally of Red shoes was Mougoulasha
Mingo of Chickashaway with authority over six towns, obtained about
1741, resented French. Was of Imoklasha moety.
1743 French want Choctaw to war with
Chickasaw as the latter won’t force English out…
Request Choucouloulacta and
Toupaoumastabe (war chief of Kunsha and brother to Alibamon Mingo)
July 20 Red shoes had killed some
Chikcasaws, but then at Yanabe persuades the village to seek English
trade. Sent an embassy of his son in law and two brothers in law
(possibly one Mongloulacha Mingo) to negotiate with the Chieckasaws.
At Oni village full support of Alibamon
Mingo was secured…Chickasaws addressed Choctaws in August at
Boktuklo chitto, only opposition was Oni and Kunsha villages.
September French sent goods to Kunsha
Chitto, Kunsha, Yazoo and Boktuklo Chitto. Alibamon Mingo’s
subchiefs were Tooupaoumastabe and offemeko, Red Shoews brouthe was
Tatoulimataha of Little Wood.
By October two English traders were
killed, and two Frenchmen were accused of rape. In December, a
Choctaw woman from Cushtusha and Imayatabes nephew came to trade with
the Chickasaw a (for English goods) and free Choctaw prisoners. In
1746 medals/presents in Mobile, Redshoe and Mongoulacha Mingo did not
appear. Redshoes sent Imataha Pouschouche, his “brother to the
English…that April…
Redshoes needed Chickasaw peace to have
English trade, and he had lost his French medal. Choucoulacta was
raiding the Chickasaws still (* guess he wasn’t dead yet). So
Redshoes decided with Apekimataha of West Abeka and Opayechitto of
Immongoulacha to kill three French men… Petit, Replinque, and De
Verbois. The French demanded three Choctaws be killed in exchange
for the French traders. *** up till this time this had NEVER been a
thing to be done inside the Choctaw nation only externally***
October 1745… meeting of the Mingos
Mongoulacha Mingo, anti French
(believed French were going to give his medal toe a Red chief (other
moety)…
Captain of Immongoulaca and the
taskanancouchi of Yowani were pro French
Mingo Ouma urged Choctaw resolve this
them selves…
Abihka rejected an alliance with Red
Shoes…
Alibamon Mingo urged they follow French
demands,
Toupaiumastabe and Ouikanabe Mingo,
also from Kunsha argued that this should be done by the Western
division.
Taskanangouchi of Blue Wood (** which
village is this) urged deliberation
Taskanangouchi of yazoo supported
Alibamon Mingo who had taken over the Eastern division
Chief of Yello canes and Nachoubaoeynya
were pro French
Chief of Tala, Mingo Ouma of
Nachobaoenya, Imataha Pouscouche fanimingo Tchaa of Senechaand the
chiefs of Buktoolooctsi and Toussana and Pushimatha of Toussana
argued that taking the side of the French meant a civil war. …the
last Pushumatha of Toussana stated six towns would not join in a
vcivil war but would fight the Chickasaw.
French recognized supreme chief was
from Oulitacha in eastern division, he along with a Chief of
chichatalaya and Imataha Mingo of Ibitoupougoula were pro French.
Imatha Mingo did oppose civil war.
Paemingo of Cushtusha while trading at
fort said he would kill Redshoes along with Taskaoumingo of bokfucka,
Pushumataha of Toussana, Illetaska of Immongoulasha, and
Tatoulimataha of Little Wood, Red shoe’s “elder brother”
Hmm…Tatoulimataha said he couldn’t
kill redshoes because of such a close relation, and it should be done
by the Abihka or Talapoosa…?
???..sounds like they still considered
them “non Choctaw” though the Abeka villages were in the
nation….also mentioned an Alabaman chief whose son was the nephew
of a choctaw…confusing…
From Choctaws in a Revolutionary age Dr. Greg O'brien
Mingo Pus Coos..nephew Nanoulamatabe
(Nahullo Mastabbee)…
Sons of Taboca..Taniahuma, Onon Chaabe
and Tasca Humasto…
Also another nephew was Stonahoma…
Oakchume was somehow a relative of
Taboca or Franchimastubbee, mentions “great chief just dying”
Taboca’s absence in records suggests he died by 1801.
Read
through Kinnard's "Spain in Mississippi" 1945, here are
some of the gleaning's I got from this work, comments are in
parenthesis (notes taken while reading, sorry about the grammar)
October
27, 1787...
Four
americans arrived with a woman, (they traveled with
Richard Brashears
who had left his wife (Ann) who is the daughter of William Brocus, he
was not to return. He left the FAlls or Rapids of Ohio with a brother
and 25-30 americans. They went to Chickasaw bluffs but had to leave,
he is at Chickasaws with 7 or 8 men and brother is with rest at
Falls....
The
four americans are James
Garland, John Wilson, Robert mcGuinnes and David Withe
Another
letter Jan 4, 1790...
Hardy
Perry
had been resident of Choctaws for 20 years, lived on Big Black (above
Bayou Pierre)... many settlers are there now (hardy
left)...Franchimastubbe wants presents and is threatening settlers
read
the letter of Thomas
James
in 1792, he implies he lived among them along time...(the choctaws)
another
where turnbull
had
passport to move horses and they suspected he sold them to americans
because he had been a rebel in the am rev against spain (with Thomas
James btw)
Another
one (about 1792)... Franchimastabe
had given Turner
Brashears (funny
spelling) his medals (american) to give to Spanish governor but
Tloupou
Nantla
of Canlabatia in small part went to Cumberland with
Payemingo and ogloulayacube of Chickasaws
along with 107 choctaws ... Turner
and
Franchimastubbee
were
going to mobile... then goes on about Small part chiefs..appear to be
loyal to spain, especially chief of Kunchak called pooscouhe...
Yazoo
is Franchimastubbee's village,
was where the writer was staying.. in small part he will stay with
Favre who is employed by the king (franchimastubbe, his father in
law)...favre
lives four leagues from Franchimastubbee.
september 5 1792 John
delavillebeuvre agent for Spanish
Nxt
letter, not much but says he's at boukvouca
sept 10, 1792 at Faver's house...
Who
are the talapousas, alot about them and killing folks...
Next
letter, wants to arrest John
Pitchlynn (funny
spelling).. he's been supporting the americans. Bad whites
living among choctaws with wives supported by Choctaw...Talapoosas
warn choctaws americans will sieze thie lands and enslave their women
and children.. sept 12 1792
Payemingo
and the King of the Chickasaws are different folks, that one
is his brother (payemingo) also seen as paye mataha
1793,
Franchimastubbee protests turnbull's
store...ah, Franchimastubbee agreed to keep peace with the Creeks and
Talapoosa's and the spanish told turnbull to stop trade.
1793,
peace conference at long towns, Chickasaw nation, house of
piamingo...tuscoonpoy Choctaw Chief gave peace belt from creeks to
chickasaws..
toscoapotapo
is
principle chief of small part 1794...same letter mentions payahyma
and puck (Apuckshunnubbee) from octafalaya
over
and over turner is confidant of franchimastubbee...
here
is a list of the villages in 1794...ah..kunsha is in small part for
the spanish...okay here is a letter from turner in 1794...yellow wood
is dead. the lower towns are in mobile, upper towns aren't,
john pitchlynn george james
and several others have gone to cumberland. I think he's also
complaining about turnbull's trade, but it just mentions it hasn't
stopped and needs to...
another
letter... pooscoos
and naholla mastubbe
both mourning their wives.. something about jusan's mission
1794
Traders
protesting trade at Nogales in 1794...
Janbatis
John Battiest?
David
Chota (Choate)
Enok
Nelson
Turner
Brashears
Phillip
Hay
Lewis
Ward
Mastang
Fils
Loui
Flos (louis Leflore)
Michelle
(Michael Leflore?)
Loui
Catens
Edward
Rogers
John
Hencock
here
is the letter that is mingopooscoos
and his nephew nahollamastubbee...only
two chiefs at anchaoula...large village...another letter with more
info..nantla
occhanya houman..
brother promised a commission...he is the nephew of the little chief
of the Kunsha's whose is coming with nahollamastubbee
(also
a nephew) to see him
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